Rendering refers to the generation of an image.
Applications use a mix of rendering options. This mix can be the use of both software and hardware acceleration, or it can be the use of different types of hardware rendering. In either case, your application must ensure that there's synchronization between your rendering types. That is, each rendering API is aware of when it can and can't read and/or write to the render target.
For example, in the case where you mix software rendering and OpenGL ES, you must use the EGL_KHR_lock_surface extension to indicate to the hardware when you're using software. Refer to Khronos's specifications on EGL_KHR_lock_surface for more details about this extension (www.khronos.org).